PD, Personal development
Anders Carlander, at Gothenburg University
- has studied the connection between heredity and environment and the consequences for personal development together with Magnus Roos
Lars Klintvall and Johan Bengtsson, Licensed psychologist and researcher at the Competence Center for Psychiatry, Karolinska Institutet, respectively. ST physician in psychiatry, Academic Hospital and researcher at Inst. for with. sciences Uppsala Univ.
– SvD, (2022-08-26) ”Bättre förståelse för hur arv o miljö ger upphov till psykiskt lidande"
Magnus Roos, at Gothenburg University
- has studied the connection between heredity and environment and the consequences for personal development together with Anders Carlander.
Mikael Jensen, senior lecturer in pedagogy at the University of Borås and Gothenburg University, own blog, researches how to succeed in life.
– GP, 2022-10-15, ”Nycklarna till framgång…”
Patrik Magnusson, genetic epidemiologist at Karolinska Institutet, Solna
– Du styr hur barnet lyckas…SvD 2023-01-15
Paul Lichtenstein, professor of genetic epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet and Andreas Olsson professor of psychology at Karolinska Institutet
– SvD, (2022-04-10) ”Ondska – en perfekt storm av gener och situation”
Steven Lucas, docent, pediatrician at Uppsala University, researches the health of children and young people
– GP, Artikel 2023-05-07, ”Svår barndom ökar risken för sjukdomar i vuxen ålder”
EPC, Events, Precedence, Context
Företräde och sammanhang ger språkutveckling.
( Dagens Nyheter 2 0 2 4 – 0 3 – 10 )
Forskare vid Ludwig Maximilians Universität i München har med jämna mellanrum i ett halvårs tid följt förändringar i uttal som visar hur dialekter och språklig variation träder fram hos 11 övervintrare på den brittiska forskningsstationen Rothera på Adelaide Island i Antarktisk. Under inspelningarna utvecklades något som börjar likna ett gemensamt uttal. Övervintrarna utgjordes av 8 britter, en amerikan, en tysk och en islänning.
There are several authors and psychologists who have explored and discussed how events, preferences and contexts affect personal development, for example the following.
Armita Golkar, associate professor and researcher in psychology at Sthlms University, researches fear and emotional events
- Armita researches our fear - formidabel förmåga att lära oss av händelser…GP, 2023-02-23
Erik Erikson: Han var en betydande psykoanalytiker och författare till verk som ”Childhood and Society” och ”Identity: Youth and Crisis”. Han introducerade begreppet ”livsskeenden” och utforskade hur händelser och interaktioner i olika stadier av livet påverkar individens psykologiska utveckling.
Jean Piaget: A famous psychologist who focused on children's cognitive development. His work emphasized how children construct their own mental schemas and make sense of the world through interactions and events in their environment.
Lev Vygotsky: Han utforskade sambandet mellan social interaktion, kulturella påverkningar och individens kognitiva utveckling. Hans teorier inkluderar begrepp som ”närmaste utvecklingszon” och betonar betydelsen av samspel och sociala sammanhang för inlärning och personlig utveckling.
Carl Rogers: A prominent humanistic psychologist who spoke about self-actualization and person-centered therapy. He emphasized the individual's inner motivation and the need for positive contexts and relationships for personal growth.
Albert Bandura: Known for the theory of social learning and self-esteem. He highlights how observation, imitation and social context influence the individual's behavior and personal development.
Examples of studies that have focused on investigating how events or repeated events of a similar kind can affect personality development. These studies are examples of research that has focused on analyzing and understanding how either dramatic events or repeated events of a similar nature can contribute to changes in personality.
Trauma and personality changes: En studie publicerad i ”Journal of Personality Disorders” av Bierer et al. (2015) undersökte hur barndomstrauma, särskilt emotionellt och fysiskt missbruk, påverkade utvecklingen av personlighetsdrag över tid hos vuxna. Studien fokuserade på hur dramatiska händelser från barndomen hade långvarig inverkan på personlighetsutvecklingen.
Repeated Events and Personality Development: En studie utförd av Lucas & Donnellan (2011) publicerad i ”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology” undersökte hur upprepade händelser och erfarenheter av vardagliga stressorer påverkar personlighetsförändringar över tid. Forskarna fokuserade på hur frekvensen av vardagliga händelser formade och påverkade vissa personlighetsdrag hos deltagarna.
Life transitions and personality development: En annan studie av Caspi et al. (2005), publicerad i ”Journal of Personality and Social Psychology”, utforskade hur livsövergångar, som äktenskap eller arbetsbyten, påverkade personlighetsutvecklingen över tid. Studien undersökte specifikt hur dramatiska livsförändringar påverkade individens personlighetsdrag.
AE, Autoethnography
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FFM, Five-Factor Model
There are several studies that explore changes in personality traits according to the Five Factor Model (FFM) over the lifespan. In addition to Specht, Egloff, and Schmukle's study, there are other researchers who have contributed to this line of research and who have also investigated how personality traits change over time.
Costa and McCrae (1980s onwards): Their work in FFM was groundbreaking and their longitudinal studies, such as the well-known Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), have examined personality changes over several decades and shown that certain traits tend to change with age.
Roberts, Walton and Viechtbauer (2006): Their meta-analysis of 92 studies found that age was a significant factor in changes in personality. They noted that certain traits such as openness and responsibility tended to increase during young adulthood and decrease later in life.
Mroczek and Spiro (2003): Their longitudinal study with older adults showed that personality traits such as friendliness and openness can have different patterns of change over time depending on the individual's life situation and state of health.
Donnellan, Bleidorn, & Roberts (2013): Their meta-analysis of 92 longitudinal studies confirms that personality traits are generally stable but that there are also significant changes over time, especially during adolescence and later in life.
Löckenhoff & Costa (2008): They explored changes in personality traits during middle age and later years and found that some traits tended to change more than others during this time in life.
Miscellaneous
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